Complete Urine Examination (CUE)

The kidneys help infiltration of the blood by eliminating waste out of the body through urine. They also regulate water in the body by conserving electrolytes, proteins, and other compounds. But due to some conditions and abnormalities in kidney function, the urine may encompass some abnormal constituents, which are not normally present.

A complete urine examination helps in detecting such abnormal constituents in urine. Several disorders can be detected byidentifying and measuring the levels of such substances. Blood cells, bilirubin, bacteria, pus cells, epithelial cells may be present in urine due to kidney disease or infection.

What is a complete urine examination?

The three distinct phases of a complete urine analysis include:

Visual examination helps in assessing the colour and clarity of the urine.

Chemical examination is done to test the urine for different substances and to obtain vital inputs about the health and disease status of an individual.

Microscopic examination is done to identify bacteria, mucus, cells, crystals and other compounds in the urine.

Why is the test ordered?

Complete urine examination helps to diagnose kidney diseases, urinary tract infections, diabetes and other metabolic disorders. The test may be prescribed to keep a check on individuals who are undergoing treatment for diabetes or kidney disease.

When is the test ordered?

This test may be prescribed when a person consults a physician complaining about painful urination, abdominal pain, and blood in urine. Complete urine examination may also be ordered as a part of routine health-check program or pregnancy health check-up.

How is the sample collected?

A sample can be collected at any point in time, in a sterile container. The first-morning sample is preferable for a urine test. It is important to maintain hygienic and sterile conditions while collecting the sample.

How to prepare for the test?

No special preparation is required for the test.