Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT)

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found in liver cells. ALT is also found in kidneys, heart and muscle cells. It helps in the conversion of food into energy (metabolism). However, liver inflammation or injury of the liver causes a release of ALT into the bloodstream, increasing the levels of ALT.


Why is the test ordered?

The Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test is performed to diagnose liver disease or detect liver injury and to determine the cause of jaundice. The test may also be performed to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for liver disease and the effect of certain medicines that can cause liver injury.

When is the test ordered?

ALT is ordered when a physician suspects liver disease in an individual with signs and symptoms, including loss of appetite, weakness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, light-coloured stool, dark urine, abdominal pain or swelling.

The test may also be recommended for individuals-
  • With a known history of liver disease
  • With a family history of liver disease,
  • Are obese,
  • Are heavy drinkers
  • Who are taking medicines that might affect the liver.
    • How to prepare for the test?

    No special preparation is required for the test.

    How is the sample collected?

    A blood sample is collected from the vein in the arm of the individual using a needle.

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